Start with the right bag
Not all carry-ons are equal. Choose a bag that fits most airline overhead bins (typically 55 x 40 x 20 cm) and has a structured frame. Osprey, Away, and Monos all make excellent options. Soft-sided bags can compress slightly to fit in tight bins. Avoid bags with exterior pockets - they create awkward gaps.
Use the 5-4-3-2-1 formula
5 tops, 4 bottoms, 3 pairs of shoes (1 worn), 2 formal pieces, 1 jacket. This is a rough framework but it forces ruthless editing. For every item, ask: can this be reworn? Can I wash it in a hotel sink? If not, reconsider.
Packing cubes are non-negotiable
Compression packing cubes can increase your carry-on capacity by 30%. Separate clothes by category: one cube for tops, one for bottoms, one for underwear and socks. This also makes airport security and hotel unpacking dramatically faster.
The roll method beats folding
Rolling clothes instead of folding reduces creases and saves space. Military-style tight rolls for t-shirts; fold and roll for trousers and jeans. Stuff socks inside shoes to use every inch of space.
Toiletry rules: the 100ml law
All liquids, gels and pastes must be under 100ml per container and fit in one transparent 1-litre bag. Buy travel-size versions or use reusable silicone bottles. Solid alternatives (shampoo bars, solid sunscreen) are excellent for avoiding the 100ml limit entirely.
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